{"id":1374,"date":"2023-01-11T22:29:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-11T22:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/?p=1374"},"modified":"2025-01-11T17:15:10","modified_gmt":"2025-01-11T17:15:10","slug":"january-11th-new-years-eve-old-style-and-carmentalia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/january-11th-new-years-eve-old-style-and-carmentalia\/","title":{"rendered":"New Year&#8217;s Eve, Old Style &amp; Carmentalia January 11th"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1012\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/caesarianfrench1375-1024x1012.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/caesarianfrench1375-1024x1012.png 1024w, https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/caesarianfrench1375-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/caesarianfrench1375-768x759.png 768w, https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/caesarianfrench1375-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/caesarianfrench1375.png 1408w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">1375, French Caesarian Birth, (most likely to have killed the mother or be performed when she was already dead or dying.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>When Britain reluctantly joined the Gregorian Calendar, in 1752, we lost 11 days, so if you add 11 to 31st December you get to New Year Old Style. You can do this with any date, and when celebrating feel you are being really authentic.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, anything you did  on the New Year&#8217;s Eve New Style (31st Dec).  you can do today &#8211; except, of course, you need to convince your boss of the illegitimacy of the Gregorian Calendar, when you call in sick because of a hangover!  In case you have forgotten what you should be doing on New Year&#8217;s Eve you can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/?p=1287\"> look here<\/a> to look back on for New Year&#8217;s Eve, New Style.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s a particularly &#8216;witchy&#8217; evening because it is the traditional Eve, not the new-fangled one. Reginald Scot in his &#8216;Discovery of Witchcraft&#8217; first published in 1584 reports<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8216;<em>a charm to find who has bewitched your cattle&#8217;.    Put  a pair of breeches upon the cow&#8217;s head, and beat her out of the pasture with a good cudgel upon a Friday and she will run right to the witch&#8217;s door and strike it with her horns<\/em>&#8216;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reginald Scott&#8217;s book is available on this web site and is a fascinating read.  <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/discoverieofwitc00scot\/page\/n55\/mode\/2up\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/discoverieofwitc00scot\/page\/n55\/mode\/2up<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When I first posted this post 2023. I did not, to my shame, know the background to the book.&nbsp; I assumed the author &#8216;believed&#8217; this nonsense that a cow could lead you its bewitcher. On the contrary. Reginald Scot was debunking the absurd claims for witchcraft and magic. His book tries to prove that witchcraft and magic were rejected both by reason and religion.&nbsp; Manifestations of either were &#8216;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reginald_Scot\">wilful impostures or illusions due to mental disturbance in the observers&#8217; .<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the number of people who were executed as witches in the 16th and 17th Century it makes you realise that it was a very divisive topic. With only part of the country that was convinced by the QAnon like conspiracy that there are people in this world with diabolical intentions. Have a good look at the cover of this 17th Century edition of Member of Parliament Reginald Scot&#8217;s book to get an idea of his standpoint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"477\" height=\"670\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Screenshot-2022-10-29-22.22.02.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2661\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Screenshot-2022-10-29-22.22.02.png 477w, https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Screenshot-2022-10-29-22.22.02-214x300.png 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 477px) 100vw, 477px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Carmentalia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is also Carmentalia, the festival for the Roman Goddess of prophecy and childbirth. She was a much loved Goddess in the Roman pantheon But little is known about her perhaps because she had no clear match in the Greek pantheon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She has a long history in Roman history being said to be the mother of&#8230;. Well this may surprise you, she was the mother of Evander.&nbsp; Evander is the founder of Pallantium, which was a City on the site of Rome that predated Rome!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Who knew that? (the people at Vindolanda Roman Fort know and they have a great page on Carmenta <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vindolanda.com\/blog\/the-festival-of-carmentalia\">here<\/a>. ) Carmenta had two sidekicks who were her sisters and attendants. Postvorta and Antevorta, They might be explained as Past and Future. Or after and before as part of her role in prophecy. Ot the two figures might represent babies that are either born head or legs first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She was important enough to command one of the the fifteen <em>flamen<\/em>. These were priests of state sponsored religions. One of their jobs was to ensure no one came to the temple wearing anything of leather because leather was created from death, and not suitable for the Goddess of Childbirth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vindolanda.com\/blog\/the-festival-of-carmentalia\">Vindolanda <\/a>  make the point that 2% of births in the past are likely to have caused the death of the mother, and, because of a high mortality in the children, to keep a population stable a mother might have to have 5 children on average, giving her a 12% chance of death by giving birth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Good reason to have a Goddess on the Mum&#8217;s side.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When Britain reluctantly joined the Gregorian Calendar, in 1752, we lost 11 days, so if you add 11 to 31st December you get to New Year Old Style. You can do this with any date, and when celebrating feel you are being really authentic. So, anything you did on the New Year&#8217;s Eve New Style &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/january-11th-new-years-eve-old-style-and-carmentalia\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;New Year&#8217;s Eve, Old Style &amp; Carmentalia January 11th&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[112,11,116,115,98,15,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-almanac-of-the-past","category-archaeology","category-calendar","category-folklore","category-medical-history","category-saxon","category-tudor-stuart"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>New Year&#039;s Eve, Old Style &amp; Carmentalia January 11th - And Did Those Feet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chr.org.uk\/anddidthosefeet\/january-11th-new-years-eve-old-style-and-carmentalia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New Year&#039;s Eve, Old Style &amp; Carmentalia January 11th - And Did Those Feet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When Britain reluctantly joined the Gregorian Calendar, in 1752, we lost 11 days, so if you add 11 to 31st December you get to New Year Old Style. 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